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Thursday, November 6, 2025

Lessons from the Wilderness, Part 8 The Call to Epistemic Accountability

 

Go to Part One Go to part Two Go to Part Three Go to Part Four Go to Part Five Go to Part Six 

Go to Part 7 Go to Part 8

Lessons from the Wilderness, Volume 68

…What We Know… Part Eight

“You Worship What You Do Not Know”[i] [ii] [iii]

…A Biblical Examination of the Jewish Context of our Blessed Hope in Messiah…

19 The woman said to him, “Sir, I perceive that you are qa prophet. 20 rOur fathers worshiped on sthis mountain, but you say that tin Jerusalem is uthe place where people ought to worship.” 21 Jesus said to her, vWoman, believe me, wthe hour is coming when xneither on this mountain nor in Jerusalem will you worship the Father.

22 yYou worship what you do not know; zwe worship what we know, for zsalvation is afrom the Jews.

But bthe hour is coming, and is now here, when the true worshipers will worship the Father cin spirit and dtruth, for the Father eis seeking such people to worship him. 24 God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”[iv]

 Epistemic Accountability[v] and Covenantal Participation and the Knowledge of God[vi]

“You Worship What You Do Not Know” (John 4:22)

 “You worship what you do not know; we worship what we know, for salvation is from the Jews.”

John 4:22

                We now enter a realm of understanding that few are aware of, but it is always present in the Scriptures. There are what scholars say are technical or philosophical ways to approach Scripture; lay persons do not usually think in those terms, but Scripture is full of epistemic accountability (see endnotes for a definition if you are unfamiliar with the phrase) moments: points where God, the prophets, or Yeshua confront people not just for doing wrong but for not knowing rightly — that is, for failure to align understanding and worship with revealed truth.

 The Call to Epistemic Accountability

 To stand before God in worship is to accept epistemic accountability—the duty to know and serve Him as He has revealed Himself. True worship is accountable to revelation, which is conveyed through Israel’s covenant, fulfilled in the Messiah, and made alive by and in the Spirit.

 This accountability encourages us to continually evaluate our worship through the questions:

Does it align with the God who has spoken through Torah and Prophets?

·         Does it exhibit justice, mercy, and humility? Does it affirm the Messiah, the perfect image of the invisible God? Worship that is disconnected from this knowledge risks becoming mere sentiment—devotion without truth, form without covenant, zeal without understanding.

 Some examples throughout the Tanakh (acronym for the [TA]Torah, [NA]Wisdom and the [KH]Prophets a.k.a. the “Old Testament” or better, the Hebrew Scriptures):

Torah: Knowledge and Accountability Are Bound Together

• Deuteronomy 29:29 — Revelation as Stewardship: “The secret things belong to the LORD our God, but the things that are revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law.” Revelation creates responsibility; knowledge is given so it may be obeyed.

• Deuteronomy 8:2–3 — Knowing Through Testing: God’s wilderness discipline taught Israel dependence upon His word: “that He might make you know that man does not live by bread alone.” Knowledge is experiential and ethical, learned through obedience.

• Exodus 32:1–6 — The Golden Calf Incident: Israel used the correct name but a wrong and idolatrous concept of God. This is an epistemic failure—a practice of worship without genuine and proper knowledge.

Writings: Wisdom and Accountability for What Is Known

• Psalm 82:5 — Leaders Without Knowledge: Those lacking accurate understanding walk in darkness; the result of ignorance by the powerful shakes the moral order.

• Proverbs 1:7 — Fear of the LORD as the Beginning of Knowledge: True knowledge starts in reverent fear, leading to awe; rejecting instruction is rejecting divine wisdom itself.

• Daniel 5:22–23 — Belshazzar’s Failure to Learn from History: Belshazzar “knew all this” about God’s judgment on Nebuchadnezzar but ignored it. To disregard and refuse knowledge brings judgment.

Prophets: Knowledge Tested by Justice and Faithfulness

• Hosea 4:1, 6 — The People Destroyed for Lack of Knowledge: Lack of knowledge equals covenant unfaithfulness; when priests fail to teach, the people reject God’s truth.

• Jeremiah 22:15–16 — Knowing God Through Justice: A simple but profound axiom is that to know God is to act justly: “He judged the cause of the poor and needy; then it was well. Isn't this to know Me?”

• Isaiah 1:2–4 — Ignorance as Rebellion: “The ox knows its owner, but Israel does not know.” Israel’s ignorance is a form of moral blindness; they should have known their covenant Lord (and by extension, so should we today).

We can see the same patterns from the Messianic Writings (the New Testament):

The Gospels: Knowing God Through the Messiah

• John 8:19 — Knowing the Father Through the Son: “You know neither Me nor My Father.” Accountability now centers on recognizing the Son as the revelation of the Father.

• Matthew 7:21–23 — False Profession and Lack of Relationship: “I never knew you.” Zeal and works detached from obedience also reveal a relational ignorance. Apart from the Messiah, there are no deeds worthy of Him.

• John 4:22 — True Knowledge in Worship: “You worship what you do not know.” True worship aligns with covenantal revelation fulfilled in the Messiah. This brings us full fore to our anchor passage.

 If read from a Jewish mindset, how does John 4:22 play out?

1) The line in context

·         Setting: A Samaritan woman raises the old dispute—Gerizim or Jerusalem? Jesus answers with two claims: (1) Samaritans worship “what they do not know,” and (2) “salvation is from the Jews” (Jn 4:22). He then lifts the question from place to truth and Spirit (4:23–24).

·         Second Temple backdrop: Samaritans held the Torah but not the Prophets/Writings and located the sanctuary on Gerizim; Jews received the whole Tanakh and the Davidic/Zion promises. Jesus isn’t mocking Samaritan piety; he’s calling out deficient knowledge of God’s self-disclosure in Israel’s story.

 

2) What “know” means in a Jewish frame

·         Yādaʿ / Daʿat (ידע / דעת): To “know” is relational-covenantal knowledge—not mere data but fidelity shaped by revelation (Exod 33:13; Jer 9:23–24).

·         ’Emet & ’Emunah (אמת / אמונה): Truth and faith/faithfulness are twins; you “know” truly when you trust and walk truly (Deut 7:9).

·         Yir’at Shamayim (יראת שמים): The “fear of Heaven” grounds knowledge; wisdom is ethical and worshipful (Prov 1:7).

·         Kavanah (כוונה): Intentionality in prayer/service; right form without right intent fails (Isa 1; Mal 1).

Takeaway: In Scripture, knowing God is covenantal participation. If worship divorces itself from God’s revealed identity and will, it slides into a state of not-knowing (Hos 4:6).

 Finally, some examples from the  Apostolic Writings: Knowledge, Obedience, and Responsibility

• Romans 1:21–22 — Knowing Yet Refusing to Honor God: Humanity’s guilt stems from suppressing known truth; knowledge without honor leads to foolishness.

• Romans 10:2–3 — Zeal Without Knowledge: Israel’s zeal for God lacked covenantal understanding. Sincerity without truth still demands accountability.

• James 4:17 — Knowledge Increases Responsibility: “Whoever knows the right thing to do and fails to do it, for him it is sin.” Knowledge creates moral obligation.

                When all this is taken into consideration, with a proper understanding of what epistemic accountability truly means, we are without excuse to not hold fast to truth, to faithfully follow the examples that have been set before us, so that we walk circumspectly with this God we profess to know.

                 I wrote this before, but I think it still rings true: please allow me to repeat what I wrote before in another series, “Worship and encountering the Divine”:

 “…Today, when we hear the word worship, how can it truly be described?  In trying to describe worship in words, we lose something in the translation, just as emotion causes something to be lost.  “Worship” becomes either a draw or a repellent; we’ve turned it into a stage production with a brass section, dancers, and a full orchestra; we have polished singers and sound booths, production managers, PowerPoint presentations, “worship leaders”, and on and on.  We demand either total reverence, with a solemnity of the old songs, or turn it into an exuberant expression of our favorite contemporary hits.  We mix it up with gospel, country, soul, rending ballads, and classic hymns.  We use songbooks that date back to the 1930s or earlier, as well as contemporary songs and lyrics found on the internet.  The style and execution of what has become worship is almost endless.  Some say it’s merely entertainment; others see it as a vehicle to get them revved up, to “enter in” to what they assume is the divine presence.  Still others want to get it over so they can hear the message and go about the business of the rest of the day.  We’ve timed it perfectly, 30 minutes to an hour, then 45 minutes to an hour of preaching, and everybody is “fed” and sent out the door.  Some services, depending on the church or congregation, may vary, with some extended worship and preaching lasting hours. However, by and large, the formula seems to be in at 10:00-10:30 and out by 12:00-12:30, and all is well. 

 But is it?  Is the soul truly fed? Have we truly worshipped the True and Living God and His Messiah, or have we been entertained and then consider that we have dutifully discharged our obligation to God by doing what “Christians” or “believers” are supposed to do: gather and meet at least once a week and play church?  If I seem critical, well, I’m genuinely not trying to be, for in reality, how can I judge another person’s worship?  I can’t and shouldn’t presume to play God, judging how another comes before the presence of God.  What I am speaking about is to try to raise the bar a bit, to get us to think about what Worship truly is:  it’s not songs, it’s not dance, it’s not preaching, it’s not all the trappings and bells and whistles, it is simply a way of life, 24-7, of loving our God and posturing our hearts in grateful awe of who He actually is and what He has done for us.

                 Several things occur in a worship setting; the sad part is that we often misunderstand the purpose.  The purpose of worship is to minister to God with thankfulness and joy; He is our audience of one, as the song says…”

 Our Audience of One. If that cannot still your heart and cause you to bow your knee, nothing can. This whole series is designed to focus us upon our Audience of One, leaving all else behind to worship this One, this ʾelōhiym, honestly, truthfully, and in spirit.

 

It has been a long post; I hope I haven’t lost anyone. In the next post, we will take up the idea of

Covenantal Participation and the Knowledge of God. I pray I’ll see you then.

 May the ʾelōhiym of Mercy and His Messiah, Yeshua, keep you all well.

Shalom

Amein

 



[i]NOTICE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS: Unless otherwise cited, all material found on this blogsite (original text, opinions, conclusions, and other material not related to cited sources remains the collected intellectual property of the author of this site, David E. Robinson, Elder, teacher, and minister, and are owned and controlled by myself and are protected by copyright and trademark laws and various other intellectual property rights and unfair competition laws of the United States, foreign jurisdictions, and international conventions. Any errors found within rest solely upon me; please do not blame the Father for my mistakes. I am teachable and correctable, not infallible. 😊 What I aim to do in this blog is to help you study your Bible better, by providing you with notes and explanations that you, my dear reader, may not have the resources available to you.

 

[ii] FAIR USE DISCLAIMER: This blog site may contain content that is not authorized for use by its owner. All such material will be cited back to its original source. According to Section 107 of the Copyright Act: “…the fair use of a copyrighted work […] for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright…” I have made and will continue to make every effort to adhere to all ethical and moral guidelines in the use of the material presented here. The use of these materials is solely intended for educational purposes only, and all efforts to obtain or sustain fair use of non-owned material will be made. That being said, this site is intended for educational purposes only and is not affiliated with any institution, organization, or religious group. It is the sole production of its editor/author. Use of information from Jewish-themed websites (or any other source material) should not be construed as these sites endorsing or confirming any thesis introduced by the author of this epistle. I present the information from their respective sites for instructional purposes only and/or to aid in the reader's understanding of the subjects discussed.

 [iii] Author’s note:  Throughout these studies, I will be using the NET Bible® and the NET Notes®: within the notes, you will see symbols like this: ( B Ψ 892* 2427 sys) [see explanation below…]. These are abbreviations used by the NET Bible® for identifying the principal manuscript evidence that they (authors and translators of the NET Bible®) used in translating the Old and New Testaments. Please go to https://bible.org/netbible/  and see their section labeled “NET Bible Principals of Translation” for a more complete explanation of these symbols and other items pertinent to the way the NET Bible uses them. Net® foot/end notes will be separated as follows:

 (start of): NET Bible® Notes: {the numbered notations are unique to the NET® Bible and will be separated by this notation.}

(end of): {End Net® Notes}

 This is not to say that the NET® Bible will be our only source of God’s word, but it will be used as seen fit.  To help you understand, the symbols listed here mean the following:

Breakdown of the symbols

·                     B: This refers to Codex Vaticanus, one of the oldest and most important Greek manuscripts of the New Testament. Dating back to the 4th century CE, it is a key witness to the Alexandrian text type.

·                     Ψ (Psi): This is a standard abbreviation for the book of Psalms, from the Greek word psalmoi. In New Testament textual notes, it can also refer to the essential 8th-century Greek manuscript Codex Athous Lavrensis.

·                     892*: This is a number assigned to a specific ancient biblical manuscript. The asterisk (*raised to the * power*) indicates that the reading came from the original, uncorrected version of the manuscript. The manuscript itself is a 9th-century Greek minuscule manuscript containing the Gospels and Acts.

·                     2427: This refers to another Greek minuscule manuscript, dating to the 14th century, containing the Gospels.

·                     sys: This is an abbreviation for the Syriac manuscript tradition, which was a critical early translation of the New Testament into Syriac, a dialect of Aramaic. 

·                     For those who wish to take their studies to the next level, a list of symbols used in textual criticism can be found here: https://www.cob-net.org/compare/docs/reference-charts-ciampa.pdf

 

Additionally, in these studies, I have utilized the notes that accompany the passages cited from the sources, which are notated. However, these notes require a disclaimer. As in all things, not everything that is footnoted is something that I necessarily agree with [nor specifically disagree with]; the only instances will be where I may find it not compatible with what I believe pertains to any matters of the Torah or the commandments of God. I give you the notes as they are written by the authors of the material I cite from, so that you can see the information contained within them. It truly is not my place to edit or ignore them; if they state anything that contradicts what I teach, then so be it. I will address these issues if requested. That is not to say I should not challenge something I believe, in my humble opinion, might contradict the truth of God’s word; that I will do in the main body of my epistles, for that is where my gentle dissent belongs.  Most (but not all) of the differences will come when a QUOTED source displays a decidedly Western/Greek mindset, as opposed to one of the Hebraic Perspectives. I must be intellectually honest – I am biased toward the God of Avraham, Issachar, and Yakob, and his son, Yeshua, the Messiah. I pray that we can all find common ground as we study the Scriptures. Additionally, some readers may be put off by the length or depth of the notes; not everyone has access to the references I do. Therefore, I try to include the notes that accompany the material I use, so each reader can see for themselves the information the originator has pointedly gleaned. I hope you take advantage of these inclusions – they help us understand how the material in Scripture is laid out and the thought process of the original writers of Scripture.

 p ch. 9:17; [ch. 6:14]

q Luke 7:16, 39; See Matt. 21:11

r Gen. 12:6, 7; 33:18, 20; Deut. 11:29; 27:12; Josh. 8:33

s Judg. 9:7

See Deut. 12:5

u [ch. 11:48]

v ch. 2:4

w ver. 23; ch. 5:25, 28; 16:2, 25, 32

x Zeph. 2:11; Mal. 1:11; 1 Tim. 2:8

y [2 Kgs. 17:28–34; Acts 17:23]

z Ps. 147:19, 20; Isa. 2:3; Rom. 3:1, 2; 9:4, 5

z Ps. 147:19, 20; Isa. 2:3; Rom. 3:1, 2; 9:4, 5

a Matt. 2:4, 5; Acts 13:23; Rom. 11:26

b ver. 21

c [Rom. 8:15; Eph. 2:18; 6:18; Phil. 3:3]

d Ps. 145:18; [ch. 1:17]

e [ch. 6:44]

[iv] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2016), Jn 4:19–24.

 [v] In a scriptural reference, epistemic accountability is the responsibility an individual has to God for their knowledge, beliefs, and the resulting actions. It is the moral obligation to seek, know, and live in accordance with God's truth, as revealed through Scripture, creation, and conscience. 

 [vi] In Scripture, covenantal participation refers to being included in the binding, redemptive relationship God establishes with His people, a relationship that carries both divine promises of blessing and human obligations of faith and obedience. Within this covenantal framework, the knowledge of God is a deep, personal, and relational intimacy with Him that transcends mere intellectual understanding of facts about Him, leading to a transformed life of joyful obedience and fellowship. 

 

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